Background The prognostic value of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) has been minimally explored in advanced breast cancer, and their comparative prognostic performance against Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) is largely unknown. Methods This study pooled individual participant data from clinical trials CLEOPATRA, EMILIA, and MARIANNE. Pre-treatment PRO associations with overall survival (OS), progression-free […]
2022
Cefazolin pharmacokinetics and extent of device binding during cardiopulmonary bypass
Introduction: Cefazolin is administered routinely for antibiotic prophylaxis during cardiac surgery. However there is uncertainty in determining the correct dose due to the impact of critical illness and the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) machine on drug pharmacokinetics (PK). Aims: To quantify cefazolin adsorption to the CPB machine device and incorporate this into a population PK model […]
Population pharmacokinetics of anti-viral drugs in COVID-19 patients: A clinical perspective
Population pharmacokinetics of anti-viral drugs in COVID-19 patients: A clinical perspective Suong NT Ngo. School of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide1, Adelaide, SA, Australia. Objective. The aim of this study is to systematically review and summarise human clinical studies that aimed to develop and applied population pharmacokinetic model(s) for anti-viral drug […]
Application of reported arbekacin population pharmacokinetic models to Japanese pediatric patients for evaluation of dosing regimen based on Japanese TDM guidelines
Background: Arbekacin (ABK) is an effective aminoglycoside antibiotic agent against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) used with the recommendation of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in Japanese clinical practice guidelines for TDM1). Since differences in age and body weight (BW) can affect ABK pharmacokinetics (PK), empirical Bayesian methods using population PK (PPK) models with age and/or BW […]
A reduced mathematical model to explore Gi/Gs preferences of the CB1 receptor
Introduction: The cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1) induces both Gi and Gs (G-protein) pathways. The Gi pathway inhibits cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production and Gs stimulates cAMP responses, the net cAMP response is therefore a mixture of the effects of the two pathways. CB1 shows a preference for the Gi protein and produces a net […]
Optimising Inductive Linearisation for nonlinear ODEs with an application to the Michaelis-Menten model: a stochastic simulation-estimation study
Background: Solving systems of nonlinear differential equations is of significant interest in applying pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic and systems pharmacology. Inductive Linearisation (IndLin) [1] is a numerical solver that has been developed for generating approximated solutions to nonlinear systems based on iterative linearisation to yield a linear time-varying (LTV) ODE. The method is then paired with the integrator […]