2022

One important aim in population pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) is identification and quantification of the relationships between the parameter and covariates to improve the predictive performance of the population PK/PD modeling. Several new mathematical methods have been developed in pharmacokinetics in recent year which indicated that the machine learning-base methods are an appealing tool […]

Background and Aim: Busulfan, is a bifunctional alkylating agent, commonly administered to children as a component of conditioning therapy prior to haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Dosing regimens vary from six hourly (QID) to once daily (OD) with individualisation of the dose considered standard practice as recommended within product information leaflets (PI)[1,2]. However, practices around […]

Introduction Assurance of mass balance is a critical part of pharmacometric model formulation (i.e. model creation and coding).  In many cases, for simple mamillary compartmental models this can be assessed informally.  However, in more complicated models (e.g. physiologically based models) the proof of mass balance can be more complicated.  A method to evaluate mass balance […]

Active or passive maternal smoking causes many adverse effects on fetuses. Pregnancy-related physiologically based pharmacokinetic (p-PBPK) models could help interpret nicotine and its major metabolite cotinine‘s absorption, disposition, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) in pregnant women. This talk presents a p-PBPK model and its simulations for nicotine and cotinine. The maternal-placental-fetal compartments of the p-PBPK model contain […]

The global pandemic caused by the outbreak of Covid-19 (SARS-CoV-2) remains to be an unsolved issue worldwide and has caused major uncertainties in our lives. This work models the viral kinetics of Covid-19, where the replication and elimination of the virus can be modelled using a system of ordinary differential equations (ODE). The unknown parameters […]

Background: Concentrations of endogenous procalcitonin (PCT) increase within hours of infection, and after events such as birth and surgery [1]. Determining the natural history of procalcitonin may help identify abnormal increases indicative of infection. However, in the dataset only the date of observations are recorded without the clock times [2]. If clock times are unavailable, […]

Introductions: This study aims to assess and identify a suitable population pharmacokinetic (POP PK) model for vancomycin using concentration data from Vietnamese patients. The proper POP PK model was then utilized to construct a Bayesian tool to improve the quality of TDM service in Vietnam. Methods: Reviewing literature in Pubmed and the sites of available […]

BACKGROUND: Although pharmacometricians have put great efforts into transitioning the modeling results via simulations to facilitate the appropriate dosing, there is still a knowledge gap for frontline practitioners to understand the raw results from population pharmacokinetics (PopPK) analysis and subsequently make a meaningful interpretation to guide clinical practice. A practical tool is warranted to fill […]

Transplacental properties of drugs are important for the well-being of fetuses. However, in vivo data on the transplacental effects of most drugs are rare due to ethical issues and technical challenges. Hence, ex vivo placenta cotyledon perfusion experiments have been used to investigate the transplacental properties since the 1960s. Recently there have been some efforts […]

Objectives: Diabetes (DM) is associated with an increased risk of recurrent ischemic stroke (IS). A temporal description of an increased or decreased risk of recurrent IS among diabetic patients is not fully established. This study aimed to investigate the repeated time-to-event of recurrent IS after the index IS among patients with diabetes using a parametric […]