Background: The circumstance of how sensitive therapeutic success is under imperfect adherence is driven by the property known as forgiveness. We have previously developed a relative forgiveness (RF) criterion [1]. The relative forgiveness criterion can also be used to quantify an RF of each patient given their own drug taking behaviour. Aim: To evaluate the […]
Tag Archives | 2015
Busulfan Target Concentration Intervention Audit and Model Evaluation
October 6, 2015
Authors Nick Holford (1)
Affiliations 1. University of Auckland
Presentation type Oral
Presenters Nick Holford
Background: Intravenous busulfan is used prior to haematopoetic stem cell transplantation. All patients undergoing this procedure in New Zealand since 2012 have been treated in Auckland. A web based target concentration intervention tool (NextDose) has been used by the clinical laboratory. Demographic, dosing and concentration details and desired target concentration or target area under the […]
Application of an in silico knockout model for gastrointestinal absorption of ketones using a systems pharmacology approach
January 26, 2015
Authors Vittal Shivva, Ian G Tucker, Stephen B Duffull
Affiliations School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
Presentation type Oral
Presenters Vittal Shivva
Background: There is increasing evidence in recent years of the therapeutic benefits of induced mild ketosis in various neurological disorders. A novel means of achieving ketosis is by nutritional consumption of a ketone monoester ((R)-3-hydroxybutyl (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate) that hydrolyses to D-β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB).[1] The absorption of ketone monoester and BHB and its disposition appears to be complicated.[2] […]
A suggestion for determining systematic bias when measuring predictive performance
January 25, 2015
Authors Shamin Saffian, Dan Wright, Stephen Duffull
Affiliations University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
Presentation type Oral
Presenters Shamin Saffian
Background A common method of measuring the predictive performance of models was described by Sheiner and Beal in 1981. They suggested measuring predictive performance by expressing bias and imprecision of the model by calculating the mean prediction error (MPE) and the root mean squared error (RMSE). There are occasions where the 95% confidence interval of […]
Population modelling of influenza viral kinetics, immune response, symptom dynamics and the effect of oseltamivir
January 21, 2015
Authors Kashyap Patel (1), Gauri G. Rao (3), Carl M. Kirkpatrick (1), Mohamed Kamal (4), Alan Forrest (3), Patrick F. Smith (2, 3)
Affiliations 1. Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia, 2. d3 Medicine, Parsippany, NJ, USA, 3. University at Buffalo, School of Pharmacy, USA, 4. Roche, New York, NY, USA
Presentation type Oral
Presenters Kashyap Patel
Background: Oseltamivir is an oral prodrug indicated for the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza. However, there is a paucity of disease models that incorporate the time course of influenza infection with antiviral effects and host system dynamics. This information is critical to optimise dose selection and duration of treatment. Objectives: To develop an influenza disease […]
The hazards of acquiring Aspergillus positive culture in children with cystic fibrosis
January 19, 2015
Authors Sabariah Noor Harun (1), Claire Wainwright (2), Stefanie Hennig (1)
Affiliations 1. School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland 2.Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine Lady Cilento Children’s, Queensland Children’s Medical Research Institute, Herston Rd, Brisbane.
Presentation type Oral
Presenters Sabariah Noor Harun
Background: Lung disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Impaired mucociliary clearance and host defence mechanisms in the airway lead to airway infections. From very young age, children with CF suffer infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and eradication therapy with antibiotic therapy is now standard care […]
The effects of polypharmacy and Drug Burden Index on transitions in cognitive function and death: the CHAMP study
January 19, 2015
Authors Kris M Jamsenn (1,2), Jenni Ilomäki (1), David Le Couteur (3,4,5), Robert G Cumming (3,4,6), J Simon Bell (1,2)
Affiliations 1. Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia; 2. Cognitive Decline Partnership Centre, Hornsby Ku-ring-gai Hospital, Hornsby, NSW; 3. Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; 4. Centre for Education and Research on Ageing, Concord Hospital, Concord, NSW, Australia; 5. ANZAC Institute, Concord Hospital, Concord, NSW, Australia; 6. Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Presentation type Oral
Presenters Kris Jamsen
Background: Cognitive impairment is a disabling condition and is associated with mortality. Multiple medication use and the use of sedative and anticholinergic medications are associated with poor clinical outcomes including excess morbidity and cognitive impairment. Objective: To investigate the effects of multiple medication use and Drug Burden Index (DBI) on transitions in cognitive function and […]
Population pharmacokinetic modelling of itraconazole and hydroxyl-itraconazole for oral Lozanoc® and Sporanox® capsule formulations in healthy volunteers in fed and fasted state.
January 19, 2015
Authors Ahmad Y. Abuhelwa (1), David J.R. Foster(1), Stuart Mudge (2), Richard N. Upton (1)
Affiliations 1. Australian Centre of Pharmacometrics, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, SA 5000, Australia, 2. Mayne Pharma International, SA 5106, Australia
Presentation type Oral
Presenters Ahmad Abuhelwa
Background: Itraconazole is an orally active broad spectrum anti-fungal agent used for treatment of fungal infections. It has a complex absorption kinetics with high between- and within-individual variability in addition to food effects. Hydroxy-itraconazole is the predominant active metabolite. Lozanoc is a novel Mayne Pharma formulation of oral itraconazole with significantly greater bioavailability than the […]
Allopurinol dosing in patients with renal impairment
January 19, 2015
Authors Daniel F.B. Wright (1), Stephen B. Duffull (1), Tony R. Merriman (2), Murray L. Barclay (3), Lisa K. Stamp (3)
Affiliations 1. School of Pharmacy, 2. Department of Biochemistry, 3. Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin (1,2), and Christchurch (3), New Zealand.
Presentation type Oral
Presenters Dan Wright
Background: Allopurinol is used to manage gout and works by reducing plasma urate concentrations. Daily doses recommended by the current renal dosing guidelines [1] fail to achieve the clinical target for plasma urate of <0.36 mmol/L in the majority of patients [2-4]. Aims 1. To explore factors that predict allopurinol response. 2. To determine the […]
Population modelling of lithium in paediatric patients with bipolar disorder: implications for dosing
January 16, 2015
Authors Cornelia B Landersdorfer (1), Robert L Findling (2), Perdita Taylor-Zapata (3), Carl M J Kirkpatrick (1).
Affiliations 1. Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, AUS; 2. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; 3. Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA;
Presentation type Oral
Presenters Cornelia B Landersdorfer
Introduction. Bipolar I disorder (BP-I) leads to substantive psychosocial dysfunction. Lithium is well-established for treating BP-I in adults, however there is a paucity of information in paediatrics. Aims. To characterise the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) of lithium in paediatrics and to predict lithium concentrations and clinical effects for novel dosage regimens. Methods. Observed lithium concentrations and Young […]