Introduction: Propofol is used for the induction and maintenance of anaesthesia in neonates, infants and children. Clearance is the pharmacokinetic parameter that determines maintenance infusion rates and clearance matures over the first years of life. Postmenstrual age (PMA) is typically used to quantify clearance maturation as it accounts for maturation that begins in utero. Maturation […]
Author: James Morse
A Universal Pharmacokinetic Model for Dexmedetomidine in Children and Adults
A universal pharmacokinetic model was developed from pooled paediatric and adult data (40.6 postmenstrual weeks, 70.8 years, 3.1-152 kg). A three-compartment pharmacokinetic model with first-order elimination was superior to a two-compartment model to describe these pooled dexmedetomidine data. Population parameter estimates (population parameter variability %) were clearance (CL) 0.9 L/min/70 kg (36); intercompartmental clearances (Q2) […]
Simulations to explore studies of propofol infusions in neonates and infants
There are no validated propofol infusion regimens in neonates and infants. Existing pharmacokinetic pharmacodynamic (PKPD) models do not include data from babies under the age of 1 year (1) making dosing in this population empirical, largely based on recommendations from Steur et al (2). Steur and colleagues recommend a bolus dose between 3-5 mg·kg-1 followed by infusion rates […]